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Whitechapel is a London Underground and London Overground station on Whitechapel Road in the Whitechapel neighbourhood of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in the East End of London, England. The station is located on the east–west tracks shared by the District line and Hammersmith & City line and is on the north–south route of the East London Line. The station was opened in 1876 by the East London Railway on a line connecting Liverpool Street station in the City of London with destinations south of the River Thames. The station site was expanded in 1884, and again in 1902, to accommodate the services of the District Railway, a predecessor of the London Underground. The London Overground section of the station was closed between 2007 and 27 April 2010 for rebuilding, initially reopening for a preview service on 27 April 2010 with the full service starting on 23 May 2010. In the near future, Whitechapel will become a station on the Crossrail route. The station is in Zone 2. Nearby places of interest include the Royal London Hospital, the Blind Beggar public house, and the former Wickhams department store. There are also many tours in this area focusing on the Jack the Ripper murders. ==History== Whitechapel station was originally opened in 1876 when the East London Railway (ELR, now the East London Line) was extended north from to Liverpool Street station. The ELR owned the tracks and stations but did not operate trains. From the beginning various railway companies provided services through Whitechapel including the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR), the London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LC&DR) and the South Eastern Railway (SER). Later the Great Eastern Railway (GER) added services. On 6 October 1884 the District Railway (DR, now the District line) opened a new station adjacent to the deeper ELR station as the terminus of an extension from 〔(Clive's Underground Line Guides - District line )〕 (part of the extension also formed the final section of the Circle line〔〔(Clive's Underground Line Guides - Circle line )〕). The new station was given the name Whitechapel (Mile End). The ELR passenger service between Whitechapel and Liverpool Street was withdrawn in 1885. The station received its present name on 13 November 1901. On 1 February 1902 the DR station was temporarily closed for rebuilding. It reopened on 2 June 1902 when the DR opened the Whitechapel & Bow Railway, a joint venture with the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway (LT&SR).〔 The new extension ran eastwards to Bromley-by-Bow where it joined the LT&SR's tracks.〔 DR services then operated regularly to and as far as Southend-on-Sea in the summer.〔 The DR tracks were electrified in 1905 and electric trains replaced steam trains.〔 Services going eastwards were cut back to the limit of electrification at East Ham and later re-extended to Barking in 1908 and Upminster 1932.〔〔Rose, Douglas, ''The London Underground: A diagrammatic history'', (1999)〕 On 3 December 1906 the Metropolitan Railway (MR, now part of the Hammersmith & City line) extended its service to Whitechapel as the eastern terminus of its service.〔(Clive's Underground Line Guides - Hammersmith & City line )〕 The MR also ran trains over the southern section of ELR via a connection (the St Mary's curve) between the DR tracks west of Whitechapel and the ELR tracks north of Shadwell station. When, in 1913, the tracks of the ELR were electrified it ended services to the DR station and extended its ELR service through Whitechapel to (then the terminus of the line but now closed) The change of service took place on 31 March 1913. On 30 March 1936 the Metropolitan line began operating again through the District line station as far as .〔 The Metropolitan line service is now operated as the Hammersmith & City line.〔 On 25 March 1995 the East London Line was closed to allow repair works on the Thames Tunnel. General renovations and new signalling works were undertaken at the same time. The line reopened south from Whitechapel on 25 March 1998 and north from Whitechapel on 27 September 1998. Throughout its life Whitechapel has been used extensively as an eastern terminus, however from the timetable change in December 2009 trains reverse at Plaistow instead of Whitechapel. This is due to operational changes related to the construction work to build one large island platform. In early 2015, due to no Hammersmith and City and Circle lines services between Edgware Road and Aldgate East/Tower Hill, a revised Circle line service operated between Edgware Road and Barking (via Victoria). This was due to track, drainage replacement and station works at Euston Square, Moorgate and Liverpool Street. This was the first time a regular Circle line service had called at Whitechapel. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Whitechapel station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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